What causes female infertility?
There are several things that can prevent you from getting pregnant: Damage to your fallopian tubes. These structures carry ovules from the ovaries, which produce eggs, to the uterus, where the baby develops. They can be damaged when scars form after pelvic infections, endometriosis, and pelvic surgery. That can prevent sperm from reaching an egg in the tube. The egg and sperm are in the tube. This is where the egg is fertilized and then moves to the uterus to implant.
Hormonal problems You may not get pregnant because your body is not experiencing the usual hormonal changes that lead to the release of an ovum from the ovary and the thickening of the lining of the uterus.
Cervical problems Some women have a condition that prevents sperm from passing through the cervical canal.
Uterine problems You may have polyps and fibroids that interfere with pregnancy. Uterine polyps occur when too many cells grow in the endometrium, the lining of the uterus. Fibroids grow on the wall of the uterus. Other abnormalities of the uterus can also interfere,
“Unexplained” infertility. For approximately 20% of couples who have infertility problems, the exact causes are never identified.
Infertility tests
Your doctor may order several tests, including a blood test to check hormone levels and an endometrial biopsy to examine the lining of the uterus.
Hysterosalpingography (HSG). This procedure involves ultrasound or x-rays of your reproductive organs. A doctor injects dye or saline and air into the cervix, which travels through the fallopian tubes. With this method, your doctor can check if the tubes are blocked.
Laparoscopy Your doctor places a laparoscope, a thin tube equipped with a small camera, through a small cut near your belly button. This allows you to see the outside of your uterus, ovaries and fallopian tubes to detect abnormal growths. The doctor can also see if the fallopian tubes are blocked.
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